The 8.8 magnitude earthquake that hit Chile early on Feb. 27 was 500 times stronger than the 7.0 quake that killed an estimated 200,000 Haitians last month. Yet the death toll for this earthquake is still in the hundreds. Far fewer people were rendered homeless than in Haiti, and much of the telephone service in Santiago and parts of central Chile had been restored within five hours. So why is that the case? Why is the (relatively) weaker earthquake more damaging?
Well it all boils down to the government. Both Chile and Haiti sit on huge fault lines. However the Chilean government is extremely strict with its building policy. All buildings have been constructed so that in the event of an earthquake, less damage is caused. Haiti, on the other hand, lets buildings be constructed with little or no government oversight. A few bribes in the right hands and the Haitian government will turn a blind eye. For example, in 2008, 91 students and teachers died when their school in a Port-au-Prince suburb collapsed. The school’s owner was convicted of involuntary manslaughter after admitting he barely even used mortar to hold its concrete blocks together.
Many people are defending Haiti because it has been pointed out that Haiti is the Western Hemisphere’s poorest country. Not only that but the last time Haiti was hit with an earthquake was 1751, which is before Haiti was independent. On the other hand Chile has the best economy in South America and is far more experienced in handling earthquakes. While these facts are definitely a factor in government response time, you have to take into account that out of 195 countries, Chile is ranked 25th in overall lack of government corruption, while Haiti is ranked 168th. So is the Haitian government’s horrible response due to how poor the country is or is it caused by their own corruption?